Book of Isaiah 23:13 DRB states, “Behold the land of the Chaldeans, there was not such a people, the Assyrian founded it: they have led away the strong ones thereof into captivity, they have destroyed the houses thereof, they have brought it to ruin.” The Book of Jeremiah makes frequent reference to the Chaldeans ( King James Version Chaldees following LXX Χαλδαίοι in Biblical Hebrew as Kasdîm כַּשְׂדִּים " Kassites").īook of Habakkuk 1:6 calls them "that bitter and hasty nation" ( הַגֹּוי הַמַּר וְהַנִּמְהָר). Was substantially composed during this period (roughly corresponding to the period of Babylonian captivity). This is especially the case in the Hebrew Bible, which "Chaldea" came to be used in a wider sense, of Mesopotamia in general, following the ascendancy of the Chaldeans during 608–557 BCE. In the same way, what is now known as the Persian Gulf was sometimes called "the Sea of Bit Yakin", and sometimes "the Sea of the Land of Chaldea". The king of Chaldea was also called the king of Bit Yakin, just as the kings of Babylonia and Assyria were regularly styled simply king of Babylon or Assur, the capital city in each case. The tribal capital Dur Yâkin was the original seat of Marduk-Baladan. "Chaldea" or mat Kaldi generally referred to the low, marshy, alluvial land around the estuaries of the Tigris and Euphrates, which at the time discharged their waters through separate mouths into the sea. Sargon II mentions it as extending as far as Dilmun or "sea-land" (littoral Eastern Arabia). The original extension of Bit Yâkin is not known precisely, but it extended from the lower Tigris into the Arabian Peninsula.
Bit Yâkin was the name of the largest and most powerful of the five tribes of the Chaldeans, or equivalently, their territory. The expression mat Bit Yâkin is also used, apparently synonymously. In the early period, between the early 9th century and late 7th century BCE, mat Kaldi was the name of a small sporadically independent migrant-founded territory under the domination of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–605 BCE) in southeastern Babylonia, extending to the western shores of the Persian Gulf. : 178 From 626 BCE to 539 BCE, a ruling family referred to as the Chaldean dynasty, named after their possible Chaldean origin, : 4 ruled the kingdom at its height under the Neo-Babylonian Empire, although the final ruler of this empire, Nabonidus (556–539 BCE) (and his son and regent Belshazzar) was a usurper of Assyrian ancestry. There were several kings of Chaldean origins who ruled Babylonia. Though for a short time the name commonly referred to the whole of southern Mesopotamia in Hebraic literature, this was a geographical and historical misnomer as Chaldea proper was in fact only the plain in the far southeast formed by the deposits of the Euphrates and the Tigris, extending about 640 kilometres (400 mi) along the course of these rivers and averaging about 160 km (100 mi) in width. These nomadic Chaldeans settled in the far southeastern portion of Babylonia, chiefly on the left bank of the Euphrates. These migrations did not affect the powerful kingdom and empire of Assyria in Upper Mesopotamia, which repelled these incursions. The earliest waves consisted of Suteans and Arameans, followed a century or so later by the Kaldu, a group who became known later as the Chaldeans or the Chaldees. The Hebrew Bible uses the term כשדים ( Kaśdim) and this is translated as Chaldaeans in the Greek Old Testament, although there is some dispute as to whether Kasdim in fact means Chaldean or refers to the south Mesopotamian Kaldu.ĭuring a period of weakness in the East Semitic-speaking kingdom of Babylonia, new tribes of West Semitic-speaking migrants arrived in the region from the Levant between the 11th and 9th centuries BCE. Semitic-speaking, it was located in the marshy land of the far southeastern corner of Mesopotamia and briefly came to rule Babylon. Chaldea ( / k æ l ˈ d iː ə/) was a small country that existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BCE, after which the country and its people were absorbed and assimilated into the indigenous population of Babylonia.
0 kommentar(er)
